Last year was the hottest year in NASA’s temperature record, GISTEMP. Overall, the 2023 temperature anomaly was 1.17 C (2.1 F) – meaning temperatures last year were that much higher than the 1951-1980 average. NASA’s record calculates temperature anomalies, rather than absolute temperatures, to account for imprecision in measurements worldwide. Our record is calculated from millions of measurements from thousands of weather stations, ships and ocean buoys, and Antarctic research stations. While

October 2023 broke records as the hottest October in NASA's temperature record, GISTEMP. This is the fifth record month in a row, continuing a long-term warming trend caused by human activities. October 2023 was 1.34 degrees Celsius (2.41 Fahrenheit) hotter than the average October from 1951-1980 — making it the second-largest temperature anomaly, behind September 2023. | NASA Climate Change