Deep below the Earth's crust, molten rock rises and falls, driving the movement of tectonic plates on our planet's surface — and for some time, researchers have debated whether the moon also has ...

The plates make up Earth's outer shell, called the lithosphere. (This includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle.) Churning currents in the molten rocks below propel them along like a ...

The reddish orange and yellow colors represent molten and partly molten rock forming atop the Juan de Fuca plate or 'slab.' The image shows the rock begins to melt about 50 miles beneath Mount ...

Plate tectonic theory shows that the crust ... The upper mantle is hard but below that is semi-molten rock called magma. Crust The crust is the outer layer of the Earth on which we live.