Several U.S. senators and members of Congress—Sen. Barbara Mikulski, a Democrat from Maryland; Sen. Lamar Alexander, a Republican from Tennessee; Rep. Bart Gordon, a Democrat from Tennessee; and Rep.

Companies know exactly what they spend on research, but knowing exactly what they get for their money is a persistent problem. Without a good way to measure value, research—especially innovative ...

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Academic publishing is often linked to promotions and bonuses. GettyImages Many universities around the world pay academics to publish their research. Our recent study in South Africa, though, ...