Microtubules are major components of the cytoskeleton. They are found in all eukaryotic cells, and they are involved in mitosis, cell motility, intracellular transport, and maintenance of cell shape.

The Penrose-Hameroff Orch OR model places the essential aspect of consciousness at the level of quantum computation in microtubules within the brain's neurons. "Tubulin" proteins comprising ...

In plants, both microtubule-associated proteins (MAPS) and viral movement proteins (MPs) interact with microtubules. Recently, a unique plant structural MAP has been cloned, which may have a ...

In 2015, researchers examining deep-sea sediments near the underwater volcano Loki discovered gene fragments indicating a new and previously undiscovered form of microbes.