RF signals historically are measured using spectrum analyzers, at least that was before oscilloscopes offered sufficient bandwidth for those measurements. With oscilloscope bandwidths over 100 GHz, RF ...
A look at the simplest FM demodulation technique. It doesn’t give the lowest possible output distortion, it doesn’t reject amplitude distortion effects, but it is simple and can be used at virtually ...
Fiber-optic interferometric sensors have emerged as essential tools in precision measurement, utilising the interference of coherent light to detect minute displacements and variations in physical ...